Al-hamdu lillah!

Thank G-d! … That CPT-ers Norman, Harmeet, and James were all freed today… And freed, moreover, by troops who found them and released them without firing a shot.
CPT had requested firmly, all along, that the attempts to free their people not be accompanied by any resort to violence. Indeed, it seems quite possible, from the way their discovery and release operation was described in that AP story, that key elements of the operation had been discreetly negotiated in some way… Certainly, many many attempts at such negotiation had been pursued over the nearly four months of their captivity.
CPT has this lovely statement on their site.
I join with them when they say:

    We remember with tears Tom Fox, whose body was found in Baghdad on March 9, 2006, after three months of captivity with his fellow peacemakers. We had longed for the day when all four men would be released together. Our gladness today is made bittersweet by the fact that Tom is not alive to join in the celebration. However, we are confident that his spirit is very much present in each reunion.

Also this:

    During these past months, we have tasted of the pain that has been the daily bread of hundreds of thousands of Iraqis. Why have our loved ones been taken? Where are they being held? Under what conditions? How are they? Will they be released? When?

Next week, Monday and Tuesday, I’m going to be at a “US-Iraqi women’s summit” in NYC. Faiza al-Araji is going to be there, which will be great. She, of course, had her own story of having her son Khaled held in terrifying extra-legal detention in Iraq a few months ago.
So I’m thinking of the 12,000-plus Iraqis still held in extra-legal detention… and I’m thinking of the CSM’s plucky, wonderful Jill Carroll.
But it’s also great to know that those three 3 CPT-ers are safe, apparently not badly harmed, and will shortly be reunited with their families and friends. Thank G-d. And thanks, too, to the US and British troops who freed them “without firing a shot.”

Pass the smelling salts!

So it now seems the delusional imaginings of one Israeli civilian woman “caused” the Israelis’ entire, world-class armed forces to decide to close the Karni crossing for nearly all of the past six weeks.
At the time the crossing was first closed, Israeli spokespeople assured us that this was because they had evidence that Palestinians were digging dangerous tunnels somewhere close by. Today, HaAretz’s Amos Harel tells us that,

    A few weeks ago, the crossing was closed after a civilian employee thought she heard knocking underneath it, but searches uncovered no sign of a booby-trapped tunnel, and military professionals have since suggested that the government consider reopening the crossing.

The content of the Israeli reporting on this was such as to lead at least one good-faith observer– frequent JWN commenter Jonathan Edelstein– to conclude that, “The closing also occurred just after an explosion in a tunnel under the crossing.”
Explosion! How scary! (But just, in fact, non-existent.)
Karni is, as JWN readers probably know, the main crossing-point through which goods from outside, including vital foodstuffs and medical/health supplies, can enter the Gaza Strip and the only one through which the Strip’s exports (most of which are extremely perishable market-garden products bound for world markets) can be shipped… So those delusional imaginings of that one, quite possibly stressed-out Israeli woman were used as a pretext to impose the Israeli government’s regime of tight economic strangulation on all 1.4 million of Gaza’s people.
(I don’t necessarily blame her, either. The whole tenor of the propaganda from the Israeli authorities is designed to keep the fires of anti-Palestinian fear and hatred well stoked among the Israeli populace… particularly during an Israeli election season.)
I would love to know, though, at what point the Israeli military professionals reached the determination that the “knocking” allegedly heard by that woman was not in fact related to any activity (or “explosions”) in any non-existent Palestinian tunnel? It’s quite possible they reached that conclusion pretty fast– maybe, within hours… After all, tunnel-detection is something they have quite a lot of experience of doing, there in the Southern Command.
But regardless of how fast they discovered this, Karni remained closed… for weeks on end. At the insistence of the US Ambassador in Tel Aviv it was re-opened briefly, Tuesday. But within 30 minutes Israeli authorities rammed it shut again.
And now, in the run-up to that great event in the march of global democracy, Israel’s March 28 general election, Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz is saying, according to Harel, that Karni should still be kept closed, “apparently partly out of fear of an election-eve attack.” It strikes me that he’s the one who really needs the smelling salts.

Whose unified Iraq, anyway?

It has seemed clear to me for some time now that, despite all the protestations of various US officials that what they most want to see is a “unified” Iraqi government stepping forward, in fact, what they most care about is not the ‘national unity” aspect of the government, but rather that the new Iraqi government NOT be one formed on a basis of commitment to a speedy US withdrawal.
In fact, Ja’afari and Muqtada Sadr are very committed to a unified Iraq– and Sadr has done more than any other Shiite politician to try to keep the links between the country’s Shiite and Sunni populations as strong as possible. (A lot, lot more than, for example, Abdul-Aziz Hakim and his SCIRI party, which as we know has been associated with some of the worst of the anti-Sunni death squads in the country.)
Sadr, in addition, is deeply committed to winning a speedy and complete withdrawal of US occupation forces from his country– this is, indeed, one of the main bases of his political relationship with the Sunnis.
The Americans have been using the Kurdish pols, and others, to continue to block the formation of a government led by Ja’afari, who is currently in alliance with Sadr. (The Americans have never withdrawn their “arrest warrant” against Sadr, the issuance of which back in April 2004 provoked some whole new rounds of very destructive fighting, both at the time and later in 2004.) For some reason, they don’t like Sadr! Perhaps it’s because of his consistently Iraqi-nationalist, anti-occupation stand?
I see that 97 days have now elapsed since Iraq’s “landmark” December election. That’s nearly 14 weeks in which the country has had no clear governance structure, and of course in the absence of such a structure the slide toward greater civil strife has only further continued.
Most recently, Washington has started deploying more actors to try to persuade Ja’afari to “do the right thing” (in Washington’s eyes), and to step down in favor of SCIRI’s favored candidate, Adel Abdul-Mahdi, a pro-Washington, pro-privatization person with a very slick political past. These actors have even included, it seems, a group of six US senators now in Baghdad. They were reported by AP to have, “pressured Iraq’s leaders Tuesday to speed up formation of a national unity government, saying American voters were losing patience with Iraqi politicians and increasingly eager to withdraw troops.” (Actually, this last part of the communication probably gave considerable heart to the anti-occupation pols in Baghdad, so it might not have entirely served the Bushies’ purpose… )
But still, the imperial stance adopted by these senators is somewhat breathtaking… That they go trotting off to a foreign country and openly lecture the politicians there on how to run it?
… But of course the really big gun that Washington and its local viceroy, Zal Khalilzad, are now hoping to bring to bear on the Iraqi Shiite pols is political pressure from Teheran. Will this work in the way the US hopes, I wonder? That is, is Teheran going to be both willing and able to pressure Ja’afari to cede in favor of Abdul-Mahdi?
“Willing” is already, in my mind, a big question. And so is “able.” It is probably worth re-reading all the trustworthy sources we have on the relations between Teheran’s rulers and the various strands and personalities within the Iraqi UIA, to gain some guidance on these points.(Help, anyone? Reidar Visser, are you there?)
That AP piece cited above, which is by Vanessa Arrington and not their much more experienced and better-connected Hamza Hendawi, has this interesting tidbit near the end:

    Al-Jaafari’s bid for a second term is opposed by Kurds, Sunni Muslims and many secular politicians who claim he cannot unify the country. The Shiite leadership is under heavy pressure to drop him as candidate.

(Not true, by the way! Ja’afari is opposed by both main Kurdish parties, yes– though a little bit of US palm-greasing could swiftly change that situation. But he is certainly not opposed by all the Sunni Muslim pols, or by all the secular politicians. I think Arrington’s claims here are the result of her listening to too much crude US Embassy agitprop.)
But then, she reports this:

    Yet interim Vice President Adil Abdul-Mahdi told reporters after meeting Iraq’s top Shiite cleric Tuesday that “Dr. al-Jaafari is still the (Shiite) Alliance nominee.”
    The cleric, Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, urged Abdul-Mahdi and another Iraqi politician — Abdul-Aziz al-Hakim, the leader of the Shiite bloc in parliament — to speed things up.
    The aim should be to “form a national unity government as soon as possible,” al-Sistani told the men, according to an aide. “Otherwise the people will not forgive you.”

I have to say that the mendacity and Orwellian double-speak of the Bush administration people whenever they say anything about the Iraqis’ government-formation process never cease to amaze me. They go on and on about claiming they want to see a “unified government”, but are meantime stoking the Kurds and everyone else they have any influence with to resist the formation of the one form of unified government that looks both easily achievable and also democratically legitimate– i.e., one led by Ibrahim al-Ja’afari. And they launch all kinds of accusation about Ja’afari’s “divisiveness” while completely minimizing the bad effects of the anti-Sunni divisiveness perpetrated by SCIRI and its allies, as well as (in his day) by Iyad Allawi.
And… and… and…
Meanwhile, here’s a very intriguing quote I found last night when I was reading the March 6, 2006 edition of The New Yorker. It’s in an excellent article by Connie Bruck on the Bush administration’s various machinations with Iranian expatriate pols over the years, all of which is certainly well worth reading.
Here’s what she writes on p.54:

    James Dobbins, the Bush administration’s special envoy for Afghanistan, told me that in the prewar planning for Iraq “there was an intention that the U.S. would retain troops in Iraq– not for Iraq stabilization, because that was thought not to be needed,[!] but for coercive diplomacy in the region. Meaning Iran and Syria.”

Well, that was then, and now is now. Now, instead of the US being in a position to use “coercive diplomacy” (i.e. diplomacy backed by crude military threats) against Iran, Zal Khalilzad is instead begging Teheran to help him resolve the US’s political problems inside Iraq…
Boy, I would love to be a fly on the wall in these negotiations… But much more than that, I would love to see an empowered, united Iraqi government emerging that is committed to winning Iraq’s real national independence and sending the occupation army home.

The international courts discussion grows

Well, my article in Foreign Policy on international war-crimes courts has been getting a gratifying amount of attention. My intention in publishing it was, after all, to open up the discussion on this topic to include the previously under-heard point of view that questions or even criticises the general social utility of such courts…
This Thursday, I’m doing a call-in show on the topic on the San Francisco-based radio station KALW-FM. It’s an NPR affiliate there. It runs from 1-2 p.m. Eastern Time, so I guess that’s 10-11 a.m. Pacific Time.
Tune on in, Bay Area readers. And call in with all your questions.
How many times can I mention JWN in one hour, I wonder?
Also, FP just sent me a bunch of letters that they’ll be running in response to my article in, I think, their next issue. Seven letters including only one that’s supportive of my argument. Of the six critics, five are law professors. Vested interests, anyone? Okay, I know this is not totally a valid case for me to make– I realise that these people are also voicing some substantive criticisms of my argument that need to be addressed… And indeed, will be, since FP are giving me a princely 400 words to come back at ’em…
Good. Maybe I could stir things up a bit by mentioning Ramesh Thakur’s term “judicial colonialism” in there, somewhere?
So I see that one of these letters is from David Scheffer, now a law prof, previously Pres. Clinton’s “Special Ambassador for War Crimes Affairs”. Actually, it was hearing David talk about the criminal prosecutions program in post-genocide Rwanda that got me started on that whole entire research project and now soon-to-be book on Transitional Justice.
I remember it as though it were yesterday. It was September 2000, at a conference the Hilton Humanitarian Foundation was holding in Geneva, where David and I were both speakers. I heard him say something like, “Well, the Rwandan government’s plan to prosecute all the perpetrators of the genocide is going ahead very well indeed. We’re most pleased with their diligence. However, there is a bit of a backlog there, with currently around 135,000 suspects in jail and awaiting trial… And so far, unfortunately, the government has very little capacity to try them, so some of them have been there for more than five years already without having the chance to get into a courtroom… ”
And I thought, Oh my G-d, that’s huge! Especially given that the whole population of the country was then somewhere under 8 million. So I came away from the conference determined to start looking into it… and… and…
So when do I get to write the mega-long piece about Palestinian politics that I’ve promised to Deb Chasman at Boston review, you may ask?
Erm… maybe on the 6-hour train-ride going up to NYC this Sunday? Alternatively, I could reframe the piece from being mega-long to being short, sharp, and elegantly composed? Nah. That sounds even harder… Don’t worry, I’ll think of something… (Maybe blogging less could be an option?)

Palestinian polls, etc.

As part of the research for the big piece I’m writing this week on Palestine, I’ve found a couple of good portals to Palestinian polling and other info. This is a portal from Hanan Ashrawi’s Miftah Center, that strives to aggregate data from all the Palestinian polling centers. It doesn’t totally succeed, because it doesn’t (yet?) include this poll, conducted March 9-11 by the An-Najah National University Center for Opinion Polls and Survey Studies, which has some interesting data…
Of course, the Palestinian pollsters all came in for huge criticism recently for not having forecast the Hamas victory in the January elections. Dr. Nabil Kukali of the Beit Sahour-based PCPO tried to address this issue in this early-February report. I didn’t find totally convincing his claim there that the range of degrees of support that the opinion pollsters had found for Hamasshortly before the election, which were between 29% and 35%, “which lies … on the tolerated edge of the margin of error.” Hamas’s final tally was 44% (of the national vote.) H’mmm.
But still, it was brave and honest of Kukali to try to reflect publicly on the problem, which is more than I’ve seen any of the others do.
I have addressed what I call the “person with the clipboard problem” in doing any opinion surveying, e.g. here, before. In addition, I believe cold-call-type, individualized opinion surveying has many more pitfalls than its practicioners generally admit. (For example, I nearly always refuse to participate, as a matter of principle and personal privacy, in any telephone-based opinion surveys. Call me ornery if you want. But if there’s another chunk of people out there like me in this respect, as I’m sure there is, what does this do to the “validity” of such polls?) So I think we’d all do well to take such polls with more than a few grains of salt… What one can perhaps discern from them is trends, at best. (Even if the trend in question is merely one of resistance to poll-answering?)
But I digress.
Another interesting site I found in the course of this small research is Zajel, a useful looking news aggregator produced by the An-Najah University public relations department. Given the fact that, as Jonathan has told us, in the new Hamas-dominated cabinet, “At least four of the 24 ministers are drawn from the Najah faculty,” the contents of this site– which looks to be well maintained– could give us a window into what is on the minds of people within Najah’s general milieu.

Fabulous local peace demo today

The Charlottesville Center for Peace and Justice held a fabulous peace demonstration today. We gathered outside Thomas Jefferson’s Rotunda bulding at the north end of the University of Virginia “Grounds” and then walked the 2/3 mile along Main Street to the downtown. There were about 250 of us. (My friend David Slezak sat by the side of the road and counted us.)
I had found an old collection of our peace signs in the back of my garage. They augmented the ones we use every week on our Thursday peace vigil– and we also had some really snappy new “Wage Peace” yard signs that CCPJ is selling/distributing. It was kind of poignant to see some of the old signs that expressed horror over the fact that the number of US dead had reached “1,000.”
When we got downtown, our numbers swelled a bit more. Bill Anderson, the President of CCPJ, gave a great speech. Then a dozen members of the C’ville Women’s Choir sang some really moving a capella numbers. There was a bit more singing; a man from the local Native-American community spoke a bit, and that was about it.
My friend Sarah reminded us that at the peace demo this time last year there were 55 participants.
I have to say it feels so great to me, after a big trip like the one I made to Israel and Palestine, to come back home– home to Bill-the-spouse and the dog; home to the Charlottesville Friends Meeting (Quakers); and home to all my buddies in CCPJ.
The one notable problem in today’s peace demo, though, was the near-total absence of University of Virginia undergrads. There were a few grad students, but just about none of the younger students. What a pity… We had some great younger kids, though. A couple of them held up home-made signs saying “Bush is stinky.” I think our oldest participant was Jay Worrall, a stalwart of the local movements for social justice, inter-racial reconciliation, and peace who turned 90 earlier this month. (Jay is also a beloved member of our Quaker Meeting.)
Will there still be US troops in Iraq a year from now? I regret to say that I expect so. But if there are, then you can bet that CCPJ will be organizing another march.

ICC “gets” its first man

I just wrote a post over at Transitional Justice Forum about the ICC get its hands on its first indictee. He is Thomas Lubanga Dyilo, of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
I raise a question there as to whether the timing of this is in some way a reaction to the fiascos of (1) the death of Milosevic and (2)the continuing deterioration of Saddam’s trial in Baghdad, both of which developments have started to show that the broad “project” of using high-profile war-crimes trials to try to help heal grave political conflict has not been as successful as many in the human-rights movement previously hoped…
I’ll be doing an hour-long call-in show on this issue, on some west-coast (US) -based radio station, later this week. Heck, I should probably get some more details about that so I can invite you all to tune in… All this is connected to the article I have on international war-crimes trials in the current issue of Foreign Policy.
Btw, I have now found a late-proof PDF version of this article and have posted it into the archive here, with a link on the JWN sidebar. (Readers should simply ignore the meaningless Latin, which is used there as a space-holder… Also, the blank spaces on the pages, which are where the mag’s ads go.)
So now you can comment on the FP piece, here– or on my post on the ICC, over there at TJF.

Marking this anniversary

One of the best ways to mark the third anniversary of this war: go read this, by Riverbend.
Another good way to do so, given the many organic links between the Iraq war and the Palestinian-Israeli situation: go read Laila’s description of the noose of Israel’s punitive economic siege tightening around Gaza.
Thank G-d for the blogosphere, which brings us these fresh, un-mediated voices of people– including talented observers and writers who are women— who are living in zones of conflict and stress.
The other thing I’m going to do today to mark the war anniversary, is take part in our local pro-peace march here in C’ville.

Zahhar as FM: it’s official

Here‘s Jazeera English’s report on the new PA cabinet list. Dr. Mahmoud Zahhar is, as was earlier predicted, the new Foreign Minister-designate. Which makes my recent interview with him all the more relevant.
Jazeera tells us that Ismail Haniya, the Hamas prime minister-designate, told a joint news conference on Sunday that:

    “I met Brother Abu Mazen (Abbas) and officially submitted to him the list of the cabinet”…
    “The president is going to study the make-up of the government and its programme,” he said, adding that the atmosphere of the meeting had been “positive”.
    The 24-member cabinet includes one woman and one Christian.

I wish Hamas had done a bit better on both those counts. Of course, the fact that the US and Israel mounted threats and other forms of pressure against many non-Hamas parties and individuals, in an attempt to have them not join a Hamas-led government, means that Haniya and Co. probably didn’t have a whole lot of qualified female or Christian ministrables to choose from.
Note: these transliterations of the names as used here are probably not definitive. Some of them look very weird to me. Including I am still convinced that Zahhar needs two “h”s.

Iraq war launch on trial in Britain

Three years into the US-UK invasion and occupation of Iraq, the Blair government’s decision to join the invasion effort is on trial in an obscure courtroom in Aldershot, west of London.
The actual case is a military-law prosecution of a New Zealand-born RAF medic called Malcolm Kendall-Smith, who is being tried for refusing to be deployed on a further tour to Iraq (which would be his third.) The charge is that he’s “refusing to obey a lawful command”. His defense is that the order to deploy is not lawful because– as new papers recently revealed in Britain seem to indicate– the original order to launch the war in which he’s being asked to participate was itself not lawful.
The dedicated NZ journo Jon R. Stephenson had a piece in today’s Sunday Star-Times describing the case, which continues.
Kendall-Smith’s case is particularly interesting to me because there was another New Zealander, 90 years ago, who took exemplary and extremely brave actions in pursuit of his desire to be treated as a conscientious objector to all war. He was Archibald Baxter, a Christianity-inspired pacifist who was subjected to the most horrendous punishments and abuses by the New Zealand Army, which refused to recognize anyone’s right to be a Conscientious Objector (CO) at the time.
Including, they sent Baxter to the front in France, completely against his will; and when he refused orders there to wear a uniform they gave him “Field Punishment Number 1” (I think it was), which essentially involved tying him nearly naked to a pole in a yard for a number of days, in a snowstorm.
Like Kendall-Smith, Baxter came from Dunedin in the South Island. Here‘s a link to info about Baxter’s very moving memoir.
… So I’m pretty sure that Kendall-Smith won’t face any punishment as brutal as that one. Indeed, according to this piece in The Independent, former SAS soldier Ben Griffin, who recently resigned because of his objections to the war, “had expected to face a court martial for his refusal to serve– but instead was discharged with a glowing testimonial.”
Does Kendall-Smith’s defense have any chance of succeeding? It seems doubtful. But I wish the trial were getting more coverage in the MSM in both the UK and the US. Here, though, is a fairly full report from today’s Independent.